LANA SLEZIC

JANJA BEC-NEUMANN

LISA DI CAPRIO

DALIBOR DAVIDOVIC

STEVEN SAGE

AERNOUT VAN LYNDEN

DINKO GRUHONJIC

MICHELLE KELSO

ASTA MARIA ZINBO

ELVIS SELIMOVIC

ESREFA ALIC

FATIMA FAZLIC

EDIN RAMULIC

LANA SLEZIC, (Canada), War Photographer
"FORSAKEN - THE LIVES OF AFGHAN WOMEN", Sunday, May 27, 2007, War Photo
Lana Slezic spent two years in Afghanistan, photographing Afghan women. Her lecture was about her experiences documenting the oppressive conditions women are forced to live under.

JANJA BEC-NEUMANN, (Germany & Vojvodina),
Author of the concept and strategies of the Course "War Crimes, Genocide and Memories"
"THE BYSTANDERS AND RESCUERS IN RELATION TO THE VICTIM AND PERPETRATOR",
Sunday, May 27, 2007, War Photo
This lecture is using comparative methodology (Armenian genocide, Holocaust, Argentina, Rwanda, Cambodia, Bosnia and Herzegovina) with aim to explain basic categories related to bystanders behavior and mostly it is based on Dan Bar-On’s text “The Bystanders in relation to the victim and perpetrator: Today and during the Holocaust” (2002)
Ten Bystanders from the Holocaust
1. OPORTUNIST BYSTANDERS, The young industrial entrepreneur
2. STREET BYSTANDERS, The simple person in the street who got work, following his unemployment during the economic crisis of the Weimar Republic
3. IDEOLOGICALLY ORIENTED BYSTANDERS, The physician who grew-up with the racial hygiene theories
4. CARIEER BYSTANDERS, The academics, professors and artists
5. INSTITUTIONALIZED-RATIONAL BYSTANDERS, The Bishop of the local congregation, who knew.
6. PROFESSIONAL BYSTANDERS, The person who prepared the chemical supplies for the camps, including the gas Ziklon B
7. PROFESSIONAL BYSTANDERS, BUT MORE “ENLIGHTENED ONE”, LESS CARIER ORIENTED, The architect who built the gas chambers.
8. DISTANT BUSTANDERS, The well-established American or British, Gentile and Jewish people (as well as Swiss or Swedish well-to-do citizens) who knew what was going on in Nazi Germany and did not care.
9. OTHER-HATING BYSTANDERS, The farmers who lived in the vicinity of the work and dead camps and all who have seen and have heard what was going on but hated or were indifferent to “every other” who are not worthy of human support and empathy, especially those denounced by the powerful (Church, military or government).
10. EMOTIONALY RELATED BUSTANDERS, Wives, parents, children of the perpetrators who believed that they, perpetrators, were heroes, wonderful people, who were not capable of causing harm to anyone.

LISA DI CAPRIO, (USA), Washington and Lee University Lexington, Virginia
“THE POLITICS OF MEMORY: FRANCE AND THE HOLOCAUST”, Monday, May 28, 2007, War Photo
This course examined the process by which nongovernmental organizations, historians, journalists and lawyers compelled official French recognition of France's role in the Holocaust. We will also consider the role of various forms of visual memorialization, such as monuments and museums, in conveying the memory of the Holocaust from one generation to another. Finally, we will compare the Memorial to the Shoah in Paris with the Memorial to the Martyred Jews of Europe in Berlin.
Suggested books:
(1) Susan Zuccotti, "The Holocaust, The French, and the Jews," (1999), paperback, $17.95 and
(2) Richard Golsan, editor, "Memory, the Holocaust, and French Justice: the Bousquet and Touvier Affairs (1996), paperback, $24.95.

DALIBOR DAVIDOVIC, (Croatia), University of Zagreb, Music Academy
“THE MEMORY OF MUSIC”, Monday, May 28, 2007, War Photo
“Radical Jewish Culture” is the name of the ongoing project started in the early 1990s by contemporary composer and musician John Zorn. The project enfolds a series of music albums composed and played by different musicians and published on Zorn's New York-based label “Tzadik”. In my lecture I'll present some of the music published in that series and take it as a starting point for the analysis of the relation between music, memory and identity. In the case of “Radical Jewish Culture” the role of the traditional music patterns for the production of new music on one
side and the memory of the Holocaust on the other side will be elaborated. Though my analysis will be focused on that single case, my aim is to show that the issues that arise from it are singular, but also more than that. Finally, in my lecture I'll discuss the political and ethical implications of the case.

STEVEN SAGE, (USA), US Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington D.C.
“SEPHARDIM AND THE HOLOCAUST IN SEE”, Tuesday, May 29, 2007, IUC
"BALKAN SOBRANIE: JEWS AND THEIR NEIGHBORS IN SOUTHEAST EUROPE"
A brief introduction to the civilization of the Sephardic Jews in the Balkans, and to that of the Ashkenazy Jews in Romania during the early 20th century period of rising nationalism. Salonika is noted as the cultural capital of Balkan Jewry; Bulgarian, Bosnian, and Serbian Jews maintained ties to Salonika. This is followed by a review of the impact of the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), the Great War (1914-1918), anti-Semitism and continuing ethnic unrest in the post-Great War decades.
"A GENOCIDAL SCRIPT"
German Nazism and Hitler's personal agenda were the active agents for turning Southeast European anti-Semitism into an instrument of genocide. This lecture will introduce new empirical discoveries as published in my book last year (Ibsen and Hitler; NY: Carroll & Graf, 2006). Copies of my book are obtainable at a discount from Amazon.com; a paperback edition will be out in June or July, 2007. Readers and reviewers of this book have acclaimed it for the crucial and unexpected historical discoveries it presents. A Norwegian historian, Professor Hans Fredrik Dahl of the University of Oslo, wrote in "Dagbladet" (Oslo): "More thorough than anyone before him, Steven Sage has gone through the material around the young Hitler and his literary sources. His work encompasses much new research and draws conclusions in many different directions. That there was an actual line of influence between Ibsen and the
young Hitler is to me beyond doubt." (See attached for Dahl's op-ed of 11 June 2006, in Norwegian and
English.)
"DEALING WITH THE DEVIL"
Nazism offered territorial inducements to the countries of Southeastern Europe. The price was their cooperation in identifying, expropriating, enslaving, and deporting the Jewish population of each country. The detailed course of events is given for Romania and the Yugoslav component states, in 1941.
"THE HOLOCAUST MOVES SOUTH"
The events of the Holocaust are examined in Bulgaria and Greece. This lecture concludes with a review of first Holocaust trial in history (Sofia, 1945), followed by an overview of Holocaust denial and memorial in Bulgaria and the region as a whole.

AERNOUT VAN LYNDEN, (Holland), American University Blagoevgrad, AUB, Bulgaria
Wednesday, May 30, 2007, IUC
“WAR AND WAR CRIMES THROUGH THE EYES OF A WAR CORRESPONDENT”
The various problems and pitfalls correspondents face when confronted by war, both in general and specific terms (in my case the wars in Lebanon, Iran-Iraq, Afghanistan, 1991 Gulf War and Yugoslavia). The differences between the various branches of the media - print, television, radio and now the internet - when covering wars. Does the general public really get a sound impression about a war being waged on the other side of the world through journalism? And does journalism uncover war crimes?
“LIVING WITH MEMORY: THE PUBLIC AND PERSONAL EXPERIENCES OF A FOREIGN EYE-WITNESS”
Within this lecture I will try, through personal experiences, to explain how every war correspondent is confronted by a certain local "memory", or understanding of the past (often mythical) and of how this can affect his or her work. He or she is also confronted by such "memory" amongst the readers/viewers for whom he/she is reporting and has to bear that in mind too. Quite separate to this is the question of one's own memory and of being a witness in a court of law. I will describe my personal experience as a witness in four trials at the ICTY. Finally I will try to deal with the question of living with the personal experience of 25 years spent in war zones - what effect that can have not just on our personal lives, but in our way of looking at any new development, social, political, economic or cultural, in the world.

DINKO GRUHONJIC, (Vojvodina/ Serbia), Deutsche Welle Correspondent & Lecturer at University of Novi
Sad, President of Independent Journalists Association of Vojvodina
Wednesday, May 30, 2007, IUC
“SRDJAN ALEKSIC CASE AND MEMORIES IN TREBINJE AND SERBIA“
Srdjan Aleksic from Trebinje was murdered in his hometown in January, 1993. Four armed men, local “chetniks” killed him in the center of the town, in front of local police station.
On January 21st four chetniks wanted to slaughter Bosniak Alen Glavovic in the centre of the town. Srdjan stood up and said: “Leave that guy alone!” Chetniks were surprised and their anger was redirected: they attacked Srdjan and started to beat him with their gun butts. Srdjan fell in a coma and six days later he passed away on January 27th 1993.
“Srdjan died because of his humanity, because he wanted to protect a man, regardless of his nationality”,
said Srdjan’s father Rade Aleksic.
Everybody in Trebinje knew what happened on that January day, but almost no one wanted to talk about it. Conspiracy of silence was finally broken thanks to initiative of my very good friend Mr. Ljubisa Gluscevic.
He told me this story; I published it in Beta News Agency from Belgrade.
After that, Mr. Dobroslav Chuk, the mayor of Trebinje, promised municipality will build Srdjan’s monument.
“He tried to protect a man and I’m very proud because of that”, concluded Mr. Rade Aleksic. Or, as my colleague Nikola Gurovic once said: “Srdjan Aleksic was a firefly in the night!”
Concept of the lesson: Brief Introduction (10 min), documentary movie “Srdjo” (30 min), brief explanation of the movie (5 min), discussion (15 min)
Objective: To discuss whether we can implement the story to the process of the facing with the past and reconciliation; to try to find similar stories in Bosnia-Herzegovina; to discuss is it better recipe to talk about
positive examples then always talk only about war crimes and criminals.

MICHELLE KELSO, (USA), Ph.D. Student, University of Michigan at Ann Arbour,
Wednesday, May 30, 2007, Art Radionica Lazareti
DOCUMENTARY "HIDDEN SORROWS"
Michelle Kelso, the guest author of the Seminar 'War Crime, genocide, Memory', is a doctoral candidate in sociology at the University of Michigan. She explains:
«Before meeting survivors, I knew little about the Nazi persecution of Roma. Although an estimated 500,000 Roma perished in the Holocaust, research on the genocide of the Roma is paltry. Concerning Romania’s role in the destruction of Roma, almost nothing was available then in English or Romanian. That’s when I decided to concentrate my research on the tragedy of the Roma during the Holocaust. The film has been shown at cultural institutions and in several high schools across Romania and in the United States. It will be duplicated and sent to every Romanian high school to serve as an educational tool for teaching about the Holocaust and for discussion in civic education classes on topics such as xenophobia, racism, and discrimination. My hope for both my academic work and the film is to start a much-needed dialogue about the place of Roma in both Romanian and Holocaust history.»

“FIGHTING FOR TRUTH AND JUSTICE: THE WORK OF FAMILY MEMBERS OF THE MISSING”
Panel organized by the International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP)
Thursday, May 31, 2007, IUC
Introductory remarks: ASTA MARIA ZINBO, Director, Civil Society Initiatives, ICMP
ELVIS SELIMOVIC, Association of citizens "Mothers of Srebrenica and Zepa Enclaves"
ESREFA ALIC, Association of Citizens "Women of Srebrenica"
FATIMA FAZLIC, Association of Women from Prijedor "Izvor"
EDIN RAMULIC, Association of Women from Prijedor "Izvor"

I. International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP)
Family members of an estimated 13,000 missing persons from BiH still have no information about the fate of their missing loved ones and live each day painfully searching for facts and closure to this difficult chapter of their lives.

ICMP is an international organization that was created in 1996, following the G-7 Summit, in Lyon, France, to address the issue of persons missing as a result of the different conflicts relevant to Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), the Republic of Croatia (RH) and Serbia and Montenegro (SCG) during the time period 1991-1995.

Mandate: ICMP endeavors to secure the co-operation of Governments and other authorities in locating and identifying persons missing as a result of armed conflicts, other hostilities or violations of human rights and to assist them in doing so. ICMP also supports the work of other organizations in their efforts, encourages public involvement in its activities and contributes to the development of appropriate expressions of commemoration and tribute to the missing.

Science in Service of Truth and Justice: Forensic Sciences
ICMP’s Forensic Science Department (FSD) has the primary responsibility within ICMP for developing, implementing and managing the technical process of assisting governments in exhumations, examinations and identifications of persons missing as a result of violent conflicts.
1. Telling the Story of a Mass Grave: Exhumations and Examination Program (E&E):
2. A Profile of the Missing: The Identification Coordination Division (ICD)
3. Irrefutable Evidence of Identity: DNA Laboratories

SYSTEM WIDE TRACKING

SANSKI MOST - PRIJEDOR

SREBRENICA

Public Involvement: Civil Society Initiatives

The main objective of the Civil Society Initiatives Department (CSI) is to work with Associations of Missing Persons to help them raise awareness on the issue and to increase the Association members’ civic initiative and advocacy capacity to address the topic of missing persons as a human rights issue. Specifically through:

1. Empowerment: To ensure that associations of families of missing persons are strong, independent and fully engaged in clarifying the fate of their missing relatives; implemented through project grants to family associations and training and technical assistance.
2. Networking: To engage family associations in effective regional networks that address the specific rights and needs of family members with missing relatives; implemented through conferences, meetings, and publications. A series of nine regional conferences have been organized since 1998 and a Regional Coordination Board has been formed which includes Srebrenica association representation.
3. Awareness: To work towards improved understanding of the missing persons issue and the situation of surviving family members; implemented through activities addressing the legal, social, and economic rights of family members of the missing, and raising public awareness about the missing persons issue as a human rights issue.
4. Mutual Understanding: To foster mutual understanding and a process of dealing with the past by members of
associations of families of missing persons regarding the disappearance of their loved ones and the violent conflicts that they themselves survived through thematic workshops and conferences on dealing with the past and transitional justice. Associations of families of missing persons have conducted a large number of activities over the years with the goal of advocating towards decision makers for answers, collecting data, raising public awareness, and addressing the needs of their members. The International Commission on Missing Persons has supported the efforts of these associations since 1998 with a variety of technical and financial support in order to help them to reach their objectives.

Events in Srebrenica

Families of the missing from Srebrenica have been active in pursuing truth and justice since 1995. Main priorities of these and other associations of families of missing persons have included finding and identifying missing persons, dignified burial and memorial, prosecution of war criminals, and addressing the rights of surviving family members of the missing.
There are five associations of families of missing persons representing Bosniak relatives of missing persons from Srebrenica.
These include:
1. Association of citizens "Mothers of Srebrenica and Zepa Enclaves"/ Udruzenje "Pokret majki enklava Srebrenice i Zepe", Sarajevo, headed by Munira Subasic. Other active members include Kada Hotic, Zumra Sehomerovic, Sabra Kolenovic, Sabaheta Fejzic. Representing primarily families of the missing from Srebrenica, July 1995.
2. Association of Citizens "Women of Srebrenica"/ Udruzenje gradjana "Zene Srebrenice", Tuzla, headed by Hajra Catic. Other active members include Nura Begovic, Sehida Abdurahmanovic. Representing primarily families of the missing from Srebrenica, July 1995.
3. Srebrenica Mothers/ Udruzenje gradjana " Srebreničke majke", Srebrenica, headed by Hatidza Mehmedovic. Other active members include Aisa Omerovic, Suhra Malic, Samila Pasalic. Representing primarily families of the missing from Srebrenica, July 1995. They were originally members of Mothers of Srebrenica and Zepa Enclaves, until Ms. Mehmedovic returned to Srebrenica and managed to register a new association on 28 September 2002 at the district court in Bijelina. She has 70 active members and many other less active members who live in villages who she tries to visit on a regular basis.
4. Association of Citizens "Mothers of Srebrenica and Podrinje"/ Udruzenje gradjana "Majke Srebrenice i Podrinja",
Vogosca, headed by Ibran Mustafic and Zineta Mujic. Representing primarily families of the missing from Srebrenica, July 1995.
5. Association of Citizens "Women of Podrinje"/ Udruzenje gradjana "Zene Podrinja"/ Ilidza, headed Suhra Sinanovic and Kadefa Rizvanovic. Representing primarily families of the missing from Bratunac, May 1992, as well as people from Bratunac who ended up in Srebrenica, July 1995.
- Core support has been provided for the activities of the association since 1999. Activities have included regular meetings with members and staff travel including following the exhumations, identifications, and burial process, participating in the development of the Srebrenica - Potocari Memorial Center and Cemetery, contacts with relevant government officials, lobbying the government and international officials, as well as topics related to the legal and social rights of surviving family members of the missing.
- In 1999, the association Mothers of Srebrenica and Zepa Enclaves proposed to conduct a survey of surviving family members about where they would like their loved ones to be buried. With a grant through ICMP, the association developed questionnaires and surveyed 10,197 missing person’s family members in Sarajevo Canton, Tuzla-Podrinje Canton and Zenica-Doboj Canton. The surveyed persons could choose among one of the following locations: Sarajevo Canton, Tuzla Canton (Ravni stanovi – Kladanj), or Srebrenica (Potocari). Nearly 90% of those persons surveyed selected Potocari as the place where they wished for their loved ones to be buried.
- The Association Mothers of Srebrenica and Zepa Enclaves organized a series of roundtable discussions with other family associations and invited guests. On November 23, 2000 a meeting was scheduled on the topic of “Implementation of the High Representative’s Decision.” On December 23, 2000, the third in the series of roundtables was held at which 22 association representatives selected a three-person coordinating group to represent the interests of family members in this process.
- March 11, 2003, Round Table discussion on the theme “Between Truth and Justice, Memories and Hopes” by the association Mothers of Srebrenica and Zepa Enclaves in Sarajevo. Many distinguished local and international officials participated in the discussions in order to inform families about the current status of the identification process and plans for the development of the Srebrenica Potocari Memorial and Cemetery. The families continued to insist that the Battery Factory that had been used as the United Nations base of the Dutch Battalion in Potocari /Srebrenica be designated as a memorial site.
In a large ceremony on March 31, 2003 the first funeral and burial of 600 identified victims took place in Potocari.
- June 18, 2003 Roundtable Discussion on the topic of the “Place, Role, and Meaning of a Museum in Potocari”
- July 5, 2003 Roundtable Discussion was organized on the topic of “Truth About the Srebrenica Massacre” on with the participation of the Hague Tribunal prosecutor involved in the Krstic case to present the evidence from the trial. At the July 11, 2003 commemoration a total of 282 identified victims were buried. The Potocari cemetery and memorial was officially opened on September 20, 2003, including the burial of an additional 107 people.
- Support for "Postcard campaign - No Rights Without Justice, No Justice Without Morality" on the occasion of the December 10 anniversary of the signing of the UN Universal Declaration on Human Rights.
- Roundtable discussion in 2004 on the technical aspects of the identification of Srebrenica victims, especially from secondary gravesites.
- June 11, 2006 Conference "Justice for Victims" in Potocari - Srebrenica partial support for the organization costs
- Support for core operational costs of the association since 2000, the publication of a bi-monthly newsletter “Bulletin Srebrenica” , and updating and maintenance of the association’s website and ongoing lobbying and contacts with families
- Monthly peaceful protests organized by the Association Women of Srebrenica in Tuzla on the 11th of every month where the members display the pillow cases embroidered with the names of their missing loved ones.
- Support for "Printing the pre-edited draft version of the book: "’The role of the international factors in Srebrenica: Chronology, comments and analysis of the events’" author Hasan Nuhanovic in 2005.
- Exchange visit to Kosovo in period April 25 - 29, 2005 for three representatives of Srebrenica FA's (Ajsa Bektic, FA Women of Srebrenica, Tuzla; Kada Hotic, FA Enclaves, Sarajevo; Hatidza Mehmedovic, FA Srebrenica Mothers, Srebrenica).

Srebrenica Lawsuit

Nearly six thousand (5950) Srebrenica survivors are planning to file a lawsuit on June 4, 2007 to the court in the Hague against the government and ministry of defense of the Netherlands, as well as the UN for not preventing genocide. This would include one joint and 9 other lawsuits. Although according to Dutch law, the civil proceedings can be rejected. It is expected that they could be awarded indemnity or reach a settlement, although they believe that it is most likely that they would reach a settlement

Events in Prijedor, 1992

During the war 1992-1995, approximately 3278 non-Serb citizens were killed or went missing from the Prijedor area. To date approximately 1900 persons have been exhumed, but hundreds of bodies are still waiting to be identified. Surviving family members are still seeking the fate of more than 1300 persons. ICMP has worked closely with The Associations "Izvor" and “Bridges of Friendship” over the years.

II. Remarks by association representatives:

- Elvis Selimovic, Association of citizens "Mothers of Srebrenica and Zepa Enclaves" /Udruzenje "Pokret majki enklava Srebrenice i Zepe"
- Esrefa Alic, Association of Citizens "Women of Srebrenica" /Udruzenje gradjana "Zene Srebrenice"
- Fatima Fazlic, Association of Women from Prijedor "Izvor"/ Udruzenje Prijedorcanki "Izvor"
- Edin Ramulic, Association of Women from Prijedor "Izvor"/ Udruzenje Prijedorcanki "Izvor"

III. Documentary films:

- "Serbia and Srebrenica 1995-2005” (2006) including stories of members of the Movement of the Mothers of the Srebrenica and Zepa Enclaves, produced by Youth Initiative for Human Rights in Serbia.
“Justice Requires Outreach” focusing on the work of the Tuzla and Banja Luka Chief War Crimes Prosecutors produced by OSCE in co-operation with the XY Productions Sarajevo and the Film Director Refik Hodzic (planned but not shown due to lack of time).

IV. Questions and Discussion

TANJA MRDJA

TANJA MRDJA, (USA), ERMA graduate 2005/2006 Thursday, May 31, 2007, IUC “RAPE; ASSYMETRICAL WARFARE?” Introduction I: Why Rape Power and Domination Altering the terrain of conflict Terror Unconventionality Values II: Legal Documents II. 1. Nuremberg and Tokyo Trials II. 2. ICTY and ICTR 2. a. Rape defined as torture 2. b. Rape defined as crime against humanity 2. c. Crime that can amount to genocide II. 3. ICC Rome Statute III – Means to Fight Back III. 1. Knowledge III. 2. Context III. 3. Strong Emotional Reaction III. 4. Counter Emotional Reaction III. 5. Becoming Independent Conclusion

MARIO BEZBRADICA, (Croatia), ERMA graduate 2005/2006
“GENOCIDE PHOBIA IN SERBIA”, Canceled

The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in The Hague has been dealing for years with the process of bringing perpetrators of the crime of genocide in Srebrenica, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 11 July – 19 July 1995, to justice. There were trials and judgments and those convicted serve their sentences. The Serbian society, however, refuses to accept factual truths of its deep involvement in the genocide in Srebrenica. Instead, a project of denial of genocide minimizes every effort of recognizing the co-responsibility on the moral-political-metaphysical level. Moreover, one of the principal manufacturers of truth transformation is the newspaper medium. Its daily dosage of denial is a powerful antidote to any self-initiated process of confronting the legacy of genocide. The Hague Tribunal rendered its legal judgments, and the newspaper medium rendered its sociopolitical dismissal of those judgments by means of disinformation and refinement of its forms, techniques and methods of denial.

Analyzing the newspaper articles* in their relation to the denial of genocide it is noted that the print medium itself by its confessional character of the inside story and the communal participation in its mosaic form reinforces the denial’s
determination to invalidate the explicitness of factual truths. The relativization, rationalization and normalization of the crime of genocide are widely used forms in the project of denial taking advantage of and adding to the banality of indifference thus obfuscating and trivializing the general public’s process of acknowledging political and moral guilt. The denial’s admissibility - the banality of indifference - is twofold and visible in arguments with the strong moral/legal pathos of correctness as to show that anything either proving or disapproving of genocide is sacred and consecrated and thus truly unbelievable.

In addition, Krstic’s Defense Appeal arguments reiterated and transfigured through the forms of relativization, rationalization and normalization by the Serbian print media can be summarized as serial of denial artifacts [a) relativization - men of military age are not substantial part of the group b) rationalization - the prosecution of
women, children and elderly is “broadened definition of genocide” c) normalization - no intent to destroy]. These denial artifacts have been produced and reproduced expansively and consistently in the Serbian
print media discourse to the extent of establishing falsehood as factual truth.

In the continuum of misstating, misrepresenting, misinterpreting and amending factual truths as the analyzed newspaper articles show ‘the other side of the story’ is deemed correct. As McLuhan concluded, newspaper is confessional in character thus creating the ‘inside story’ by its mere form. Its mosaic form is communal and inclusive allowing press to make news thus shaping and revealing group attitudes. Through its medium’s power of shaping group attitudes the deceptive newspaper articles contributed to the blindfold on the eyes of the Serbian public already drowning in the stultification of moral consciousness manifested in the banality of indifference. Finally, there cannot be any ‘solution’ for the Serbian denial of genocide as long as there is the perception in Serbia – as seen in the Serbian print media – that there is no ‘problem’ to be solved at all.

• EVIL NEVER BRINGS ABOUT GOOD, Vecernje Novosti, 26 May 2003:
  23 PROSECUTORS AND JUDGES IN THE HAGUE ACT AS ONE, Politika, 28 May 2003: A24
  EVIDENCE OR INFORMATION., Danas, 5 October 2003:7
  THERE WERE CRIMES BUT GENOIDE NO!, Vecernje Novosti, 3 December 2003:8
  THE BROADENED NOTION OF GENOCIDE, Politika, 21 April 2004: A1
  BLACK HOLE IN THE JUDGEMENT, Vecernje Novosti, 22 April 2004: 7
  PERSECUTION OF THE TRUTH OF SREBRENICA, Srpski Nacional, 21 April 2005: 12

ANGELA WIESER

XABIER AGUIRRE

MARJAN VEJVODA

LUIS MORENO OCAMPO

ANGELA WIESER, (Austria), ERMA graduate 2005/2006
“JUSTICE FOR THE PAST AND THE FUTURE”Thursday, May 31, 2007, IUC

TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE
- Definitions of and Reasons for Transitional Justice
- Dilemmas of Transitional Justic
- Goals of Transitional Justice
- Means of Transitional Justice

EU-CONDITIONALITY AND EUROPEANISATION

TRANSIONTIONAL JUSTICE IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA
- The ICTY
- Difficulties of and Critique towards the ICTY
- Achievements of the ICTY
- Other Transitional Justice Approaches in the Region

THE EU AS THE MAIN POLITICAL POWER BEHIND TRASNITIONAL JUSTICE

XABIER AGUIRRE, (Spain), ICC
“GENOCIDE, MEMORY AND INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE”, Friday, June 1, 2007, IUC

Since the times of ancient Greece mythology and philosophy it is known that memory can have three main dimensions, as identity, as therapy and as knowledge. These three dimensions are related in different ways to the international crimes (genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes) and the modern efforts to prevent them through justice.
A range of options have been utilized to deal with the memory of past crimes, from sheer denial, amnesty or oblivion, to strict criminal justice, through middle-ground efforts of truth commissions. The advantages and limitations of these options need to be discussed for each situation, but the development of a global society is reducing the space for impunity; denying and forgetting the crime is becoming more and more difficult.

The complex issues of fact and law surrounding international crimes will be discussed reviewing different cases of ICTY (including Dubrovnik, Srebrenica, Prijedor and Sarajevo) and ICTR, the recent decision of the ICJ on genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina, the cases of the ICC, and different experiences in Europe, Africa and Latin America.

MARJAN VEJVODA, (Croatia), University of Rijeka “GENOCIDE IN THE AGE OF CULTURE OF CYNICISM AND THE SPECTACLE AS IDEOLOGY” Friday, June 1, 2007, IUC

To research genocide in the light of science in the age of “Culture of Cynicism”, and “Spectacle as Ideology”, and ”Three Nemesis of Creativity” means to have a very real doubts weather any understanding and restraining of this “global phenomenon” can be achieved. All three characteristics of our age strongly suggest the validity of La pensee traditionnelle which unsparingly criticizes contemporary world but contrary to most of the critiques of the
contemporary civilization traditionalists do not rely on “humanist” and “progressive” values but on the values of the Integral Tradition, understood as the “total phenomenon” to which all the aspects of social, political and cultural life are subordinate.
General censorship and control of knowledge which is delivered to mankind through educational system over the ages is the main reason why the world is in the shape it is now and the one most devastating being global management of violence and terrorism.Censorship and control of knowledge is the strongest evidence of the traditionalist view of metaphysical history which has established the existence of clandestine (occult) centre of human
history which, in addition, consists of two opposite parts.

LUIS MORENO OCAMPO, (Argentina), Chief Prosecutor of ICC, Saturday, June 2, 2007, IUC
Talks with Luis Moreno Ocampo
“ICC AND INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE”
“FROM ARGENTINA TO ICC”